Journal of Art and Civilization of the Orient

The Impact of Globalization on Urban Housing Architecture in Iran

https://doi.org/10.22034/jaco.2021.287839.1198
Volume 9, Issue 33
Autumn 2021
Pages 21-32
Journal of Art and Civilization of the Orient

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Babak Dariush 1
Fatemeh Dastyar 2
Maryam Dastyar 3

1 Faculty Member, Sheikh Bahai Research Center, Tehran, Iran.

2 Ph.D. Candidate of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Iran.

3 Researcher of Sheikh Bahai Research Center, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract
Globalization refers to a phenomenon in which the distance between countries reduces, and less developed and small countries are affected by large and more developed ones. According to various definitions, some people attribute this phenomenon to the industrial revolution, while others to the technological revolution in the communication realm. This phenomenon exerts a powerful influence over urbanization, the formation of large cities, and the transfer of technology. It also significantly affected our country, like other countries. In addition to cities, architecture has also changed due to this phenomenon. Urban housing investigates the multifaceted nature of housing and its abundance in the types of architecture. It seems that the relationship between this phenomenon and urban housing in Iran has not been considered so far. Therefore, the significance of this study is considering the substantial effect of this phenomenon on urban housing in Iran, it is indispensable for explaining the relationship between urban housing and this phenomenon correctly. In other words, it is impossible to make a critical comment on urban housing in Iran without explaining the relationship between urban housing and this phenomenon. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects and issues arising from this phenomenon on urban housing architecture in depth. Therefore, taking advantage of the qualitative method and documentary study on this phenomenon and reviewing the literature and previous research findings in Iran, we will explain the issues and the effects of this phenomenon on urban housing architecture. The findings reveal that urban housing architecture, both in indoor and outdoor spaces, was strongly influenced by the spectacle and is consistent with the imported and modern lifestyle.

Keywords

Globalization
Architecture
Urban Housing
Iran
  • Adam, R. (2008). Globalization and architecture: The challenges of globalization are relentlessly shaping architecture’s relationship with society and culture. The Architectural Review, 223(1332), 74-77.
  • Adel Abdolhamid, A. (2000). Jahani Shodan va asar-e an bar keshvar-ha-ye [Globalization and its effects on the countries of the world] (Qureshim, S. A.). Journal of Political and Economic Information, (255), 155-156.
  • Albrow, M. (1996). The Global Age: State and Society beyond Modernity. Cambridge: policy Press.
  • Ardalan, N. (1995). Memari-ye Irani dar chahar nasl az memaran-e saheb nazar [Iranian Architecture in Four Generations of Expert Architects] Abadi, (19), 4-45.
  • Asefi, M. & Imani, E. (2012). Evaluation of the Challenges of the application of new Technologies in Architecture: The Interaction with Iran’s Islamic Architectural Values. Bagh-e Nazar, 9(21), 21-34.
  • Aziz al-Islam. (2002). Jahani Shodan va tosee ba negaresh be tajrob-ye asiya [Globalization and Development with a View to the Asian Experience] (Farhadi & Panahi, Trans.) Journal of Planning and Budgeting, (16), 6-64.
  • Beiner, R. (1999). Theorizing nationalism. Albany, NewYork: State University of New York Press.
  • Behkish, M. M. (2005). Iranian economy in the context of globalization. Tehran: Nashr-e Neey.
  • Castells, M. (2001). The Information Age: Economy, Society, and Culture (A. Aliqlian, A. & Khakbaz Trans.). Tehran: Tarh-e No Publications.
  • Chadirji, R. (1986). Concepts and Influences: Towards a Regionalized International Architecture. London: KPI. Limited.
  • Darvish, A., Dastyar, F., Dariush, B. (2019). The phenomenon of lifestyle and the architecture of apartments in Iran Case study: the apartments in District 9, Tehran. Socio-Spatial Studies, 3(5), 78-84.
  • Dean, K. (1997). Politics and the ends of identity Aldershot, Hants. England: Ashgate.
  • Diba, D. (1992). A Study of Iranian Architecture in the Process of Culture and History, Journal of Architecture and Urban Planning, (19), 16-18.
  • Eldemery, I. M. (2009). Globalization challenges in architecture. Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, (26), 34-43. 
  • Estelaji, A. & Hosseinzadeh, N. (2013). Challenges of globalization in developing countries, with emphasis on Iran. Territory, 10, 31-52
  • Farjami, A. (2014). Rishe-ha-ye eghtesadi eghteshash dar memari-ye nama [Economic Roots of Turmoil in Architecture], World of Economics, Tehran, Iran.
  • Fazeli, N. (2020). Sal-e 2020 , sal-e felakat va farhang [The year 2020, the year of misery and culture, the era of Islam], March 19th, Tehran, Iran.
  • Friedman, T. (1999). The Lexus and Olive tree: understanding globalization. New York: Basic books.

Giddens, A. (1995). Politics, sociology and social theory: encounters with classical and contemporary social thought.Cambridge: Polity Press.

  • Habib, F. & Hoseini, A. (2012). Analysis of Iranian Contemporary Architecture in Confrontation with Globalization Phenomenon. Hoviatshahr, 4(6), 29-38.
  • Habibi, M. (2006). Sharh-e jariyan-ha-ye fekri-ye memari va shahrsazi dar Iran [Description of the intellectual currents of architecture and urban planning in Iran]. Tehran: Cultural Research Office.
  • Habibi, M. (2015). Shar ta shahr, tahlili tarikhi az mafhom-e shahr va simay-e kalbadi an: tafakor va taasor [Shaar to the City, a Historical Analysis of the Concept of the City and Its Physical Appearance: Thought and Impression]. Tehran: University of Tehran.
  • Hamzeloo, S., Etessam, I. & Shahcheraghi, A. (2015). The evalution of the contemporary architevcture of Iran in configuring with the globalization phenomemon and the emerge of information and comenication thecnology. Indian journal of fundamental and applied life sciences, (5), 5-12.
  • Hays, K. M. (1998). Architecture theory since 1968. Cambridge, Mass: The MIT Press.
  • Ibelings, H. (1998). Supermodernism: architecture in the age of globalization. Rotterdam: NAi
  • Ismaili, Gh. (2005). Globalization or Making Global?. Journal of Tadbir, 16(155), 37-62.
  • Jokar, A. Gh. (2017). Study of Factors Affecting the Cultural Consequences of Apartment Living in Iran (with Emphasis on Tehran Metropolis). Development Strategy, (52), 153-194.
  • King, A. D. (2004). Spaces of global cultures: architecture, urbanism, identity. London; New York: Routledge.
  • Lewis, R. K. (2002). Will Forces of Globalization Overwhelm Traditional Local Architecture? Washington: Washington Post.
  • Lucas, M. (2004). How can we make globalization work for sustainable development. Afrique PALOP: Developpement ET mondialisation seminaire- Universite Libre de Bruxelles 1-2 mars.
  • Madanipour, S. (2001). Shahr Magazine, Building a City of Rules and Ideas. (A. rouhi, Trans.), Shahr (19), 5-40.
  • Mahdavi Nejad, M., Bemanian, M. & Khaksar, N. (2012). Architecture and Identity-Explanation of the Meaning of Identity in Pre-Modern, Modern and Post- Modern Eras. Hoviatshahr, 4(7), 113-122.
  • Mc Grew, A. & Held, D. (2016). Globalization Theory: Approaches and Controversies (M. Karbasian, Trans.). Tehran: Cheshmeh Publishing.
  • Mehr Alizadeh, Y. (2007). Jahani shodan-e jahan-e forsat-ha va tahdid-ha [Globalization of the Third World Opportunities and Threats]. Management and Development Quarterly, (18), 51-74.
  • Moazemi, M. & Hojjat, E. (2017). Origins of Cultural Gaps and Perplexities in Contemporary Iranian Architecture. Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development, 10(21), 103-112.
  • Postrel, V. (2006). The Container That Changed the World. New York: new york time.
  • Robertson, R. (2000). Gofteman-ha-ye Jahani Shodan [Globalization: Social Theory and Global Culture]. (R. Ustad Rahimi, Trans.). Andisheh today, Wednesday, May 1st, Tehran.
  • Sabbar, S. & Dalvand, S. (2018). Semiotic Approach to Globalization: Living in a World of Global Things. Journal of Cyberspace Studies, 2(1), 75-88.
  • Sabbar, S. & Matheson, D. (2019). Mass Media vs. the Mass of Media: A Study on the Human Nodes in a Social Network and their Chosen Messages. Journal of Cyberspace Studies, 3(1), 23-42.
  • Sadeghpey, N. (2012). The history and causes of attention to the vernacular architecture in Western countries, Developing Countries, Islamic countries, and Iran, 2(2), 7-24.
  • Salim Atto, F. N. (2008). Architecture, the national and globalization, The International Journal of Arts & Sciences Conference. Germany: IJAS.
  • Shahidi, N. (2006). Jahani Shodan-e amoozesh-e Ali [Globalization of Higher Education, Educational Quarterly], Analytical Culture of Education, 2 (3), 19-29.
  • Shams, M., Safari Rad, A. & GHasemi, A. (2015). Investing the Effects of Globalization on Physical Structure of Islamic Cities (Case Study: Isfahan Megalopolis. Journal of Regional Planning, 5 (17), 119-134.
  • Sharif Khajeh, S. (2016). Chistiy-e memari-ye hoshmand [what is smart architecture] the second international conference on architecture, civil engineering, and urban planning at the beginning of the third millennium, Tehran, Iran.
  • Shokouei, H. (1993). Urban Social Geograpy. Tabriz: University Jahad Publications.
  • Shokouei, H. (2000). New Perspectives on Urban Geography. Tehran: Samt Publications, Tehran.
  • Toffler, A. (2001). Towards a New Civilization (M. Reza Jafari, Trans.) Tehran: Simorgh Publishing.
  • Tomlinson, J. (2008). Globalization and Cultural Identity, (E. Karimi Blanc, Trans.). Journal of Identity,(19), 52-70.
  • Tschumi, B. & Cheng, I. (2003). The state of architecture at the beginning of the 21st century. New York: The Monacelli Press.
  • UKEssays. (2018). Impact of Globalisation on Architecture. Retrieved from https://www.ukessays.com/essays/architecture/impact-globalisation-architecture-7345.php?vref=1
  • Umbach, M. & Bernd, H. (2005). Vernacular Modernism: Heimat, Globalization, and the Built Environment. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Yavari, M. (1996). Parvan-ye sakhteman va ebtezal-e memari-e maskoni dar tehran [Building License and Residential Architecture in Tehran]. Tehran: Tehran Engineering Technical Consulting Organization.

Home

Submit Manuscript

Contact Us