Analysis of Arthur Upham Pope’s Viewpoint in Relation to the Persian Architecture A Systematic Review on the Book Entitled “A Survey of Persian Art”

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Candidate, in Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.

2 Associate Professor of Architecture Department, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

3 Department of Architecture, ACECR, Rasht Branch,Iran.

Abstract

Arthur Pope was one of the greatest scholars who introduced Persian culture and architecture to the world. This study aims to study the writing of Arthur Pope in his famous book entitled “A Survey of Persian Art”. This book is one of the most important encyclopedias of Persian art before and after Islam and the most detailed and authoritative reference book on the history of Iranian art. This book is the richest resource of Persian art with the illustrations in which it has been published. In 1926, Pope began writing A Survey of Persian Art for the first time, after the first congress in Philadelphia, shortly after his return to the United States. In his research, he introduced any building using an image; Like the method that archaeologists use to present the results of their excavations. Pope’s view of the history of Persian architectural art is positivist, influenced by the teachings of Kant’s philosophy and the modern view of history. Relying on different types of resources, focusing on political and diplomatic history, this approach deals with the classification of documents, and with an empirical perspective, pays attention to objective spaces. The results indicated that the sub-criteria of Persian art that according to Pope, are effective in regulating the spatial system of Iranian architecture are: continuity, abstraction, symbolism, clarity and accuracy, social and traditional character of Iranian art history and the relationship and impact of Persian architecture and other civilizations and their influence on each other.

Keywords

References

• Abolzia, M. (1969). Arthur Opham Pope. Tehran: Rahnamaye Ketab.
• Akbari, A. (2016). Methodology of recognizing the past architecture of Iran. Retrieved August 10, 2016. from https://anthropologyandculture.com/fa/
• Amanollahi, H. (2016). Moroori bar pishine-ye tarikhi, farhangi va pazhoheshi-ye mohavate-ye takht-e soleyman [A review of the historical, cultural and research background of Takht-e Soleiman historical site], Asar, 36(69), 3-20.
• Askarizad, R. & Jafari, B. (2019). The Influence of Neo-Classical Facades on Urban Textures of Iran, Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 8(2), 188-200.
• Frye, R. (2003). Bulletin of the asla instttute. Retrieved August 16, 2011. from http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/asia-institute-bulletin-of-the.
• Heydari, A. (2011). Karname-ye Arthur Opham Pope iranshenas-e americaei [Biography of Arthur Upham Pope American Iranologist]. Panzdah-e khordad, 28(8), 99-137.
• Kadoi, Y. (2012). Arthur Upham Pope and his research methods in Muhammadan art: Persian carpets, Journal of Art Historiography, 6(1), 1-12.
• Mazaheri, H. (2008). Aramgah-e kharejian dar isfahan [Tomb of foreigners in Isfahan]. Isfahan: Farhang.
•Mirsaeedi, M. (2000). Daneshname-ye jahan-e islam dar jahan [Encyclopedia of the Islamic World]. Tehran: Islamic Encyclopedia.
• O’Kane, B. (2016). Arthur Upham Pope and the Study of Persian Islamic Architecture. In Arthur Upham Pope and A New Survey of Persian Art. Boston: Koninklijke Brill NV.
• Pope, A., U. (1964). Nazari be honar-e Iran [A Survey of Persian Art]. Honar va Mardoom, (27), 2-5.
• Pope, A., U. (1994). Iranian Architecture, Vol. 3 (H. Sadri Afshar, Trans.). Tehran: Farhangan Publications.
• Pope, A., U. (2008a). A Survey of Persian Art: From Prehistoric Times to the Present, Vol. 1. Tehran: Elmi Farhangi.
• Pope, A., U. (2008b). A Survey of Persian Art: From Prehistoric Times to the Present, Vol. 2. Tehran: Elmi Farhangi.
• Pope, A., U. (2008c). A Survey of Persian Art: From Prehistoric Times to the Present, Vol. 3. Tehran: Elmi Farhangi.
• Rizvi, K. (2007). Art History and the nation: Arthure Upham Pope and the discourse on Persian art in the early twenthieth century. MUQRNAS, 24, 45-65.
• Sahab, A. (1977). Farhang-e khavarshenasan [Orientalists’ culture]. Tehran: Sahab.
• Sedigh, I. (1961). Yadegar-e omr [Monument of life]. Tehran: Farhango Honar.
• Sedigh, I. (1973). Chehel goftar: darbare-ye salgadr-ha-ye tarikhi yadbod-e daneshmandan-e moaser-e tarikh va farhang-e iran [Forty speeches: about the historical anniversaries of the memorial of contemporary scientists of Iranian history and culture]. Tehran: Dehkhoda.
• Siver, N. (2005). Pope, arthur upham. Retrieved July 20, 2005. from http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/pope-arthur-upham
• Smith, M. (1957). Rejoinder to Arthur Upham Pope’s Comment. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 77(3), 217-219.
• Tahmasebi, E. (2007).Barresi-ye ravesh-e pop dar tarikhnevisi-ye memari-ye iran [Investigation of Pope’s method in Persian architectural historiography], Golestane Honar, 7(1), 55-64.
• Wilber, D. (1976). Iran, past and present: from monarchy to Islamic republic. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
• Zoka, Y. (1997). Tarikh-e akasi va akasan-e pishgham dar iran [History of photography and pioneering photographers in Iran]. Tehran: Elmi Farhangi.
• Zolfagharzadeh, H. (2014). An Analysis of Attitudes towards Islamic Architecture, Iran University of Science & Technology, 2 (2), 29-45.
Journal of Art and Civilization of the Orient
Volume 8, Issue 30
January 2021
Pages 15-24

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics