Journal of Art and Civilization of the Orient

Factors Affecting the Formation of the Orchin Dome (Case Study: Imamzadeh Seyed Salahuddin Mohammad- Abdanan, Iran)

https://doi.org/10.22034/jaco.2020.229813.1159
Volume 8, Issue 29
Autumn 2020
Pages 47-58
Journal of Art and Civilization of the Orient

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

mehnoosh mahmoudi 1
Naser Ranjbar 2

1 Department of Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Dezful Branch, Dezful, Iran.

2 استان ایلام،شهرستان آبدانان،خیابان سراب ،خیابان آزادگان،منزل محمد رنجبر

Abstract
The architecture of the Orchin Dome was one of the hallmarks of the tombs in the southern and southwestern parts of Iran, Which has been less studied in scientific research. The main purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing the formation of the dome of Imamzadeh Seyed Salahuddin Mohammad in the city of Abdanan. In this regard, the influence of historical, geometric (physical) and structural factors on the formation of the dome of this shrine has been discussed. This research has been done by descriptive-analytical research in the form of qualitative studies and its information has been collected based on library studies and field observations. According to field studies and observations, the study of the damaged dome was multi-faceted. One of the main indicators of this dome is the simplification of polygons in its corners. The dome architect seems to have used a semicircle to increase the height of the dome and to align the spiers. Other research findings show historical factors such as geographical location, historical background of Abdanan city, proximity to Elamite civilization, ziggurats and other historical tombs of Khuzestan plain (tomb of Daniel Nabi in Shush and tomb of Imamzadeh Rudband and Yaqub Laith Saffari in Dezful) as well as the physical shape of Seljuk tombs in the region, they have affected the physical shape of the study dome. Structurally, the dome of this building is mostly made of local materials and efforts have been made with the help of appropriate geometry. Prevent asymmetric and tensile forces. Therefore, numerical relationships in the proportions of their similar shapes in the floors and the proportions of the components of the dome, including the height of the floors, openings and other components of each with special relationships, create a transcendental (fractal) pattern. Also,The use of this unique geometry in the dome has prevented the absorption of sunlight into the dome. On the other hand, the height, shape and color of the dome affect the landscape and visual appearance and make the building stand out.

Keywords

Islamic Architecture
Tomb
Dome
Rack(spire)
Orchin
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